chapter 3 : MANAGING PROJECT.  

PROJECT

Is an interrelated set of activities that has definite starting and ending point and the result in unique product or services.  for example is building construction and introducing a new product. 

      -PROJECT ORGANIZATION

           this is to make sure that program can run smoothly on day by day basis while new project will 

           successfully completed. 

PROJECT MANAGEMENT TECHNIQUES 

There are two technique which is PROGRAM EVALUATION AND REVIEW TECHNIQUE(PERT) and the CRITICAL PATH METHOD(CPM). They were both developed to help managers schedule, monitor and control large complex project. 

    -PERT and CPM NETWORK METHOD 

         there are three : 1) ACTIVITY- the smallest unit of work effort consuming both time and resources 

                                                          that the project manager can schedule and control. 

                                 2)PRECEDENCE RELATIONSHIP-  A sequencing constraint between interrelated 

                                                                                             activities by which one activity cannot start 

                                                                                             until a preceding activity has been completed.

 

                                3)SCHEDULE- A plan that sets priorities, determines start and finish times, and 

                                                          allocates resources to accomplish the activities. 

  - NETWORK DIAGRAM AND APPROACHES 

        there are two approaches for drawing a project network. which is ACTIVITY ON NODE (AON) 

        and ACTIVITY ON ARROW(AOA). for AON it is a network diagram in which node designated 

        activities. While for AOA means a network diagram in which arrow designate activities. furthermore,

        CRITICAL PATH  is about the computed longest time path(s) through a network. 

                                         

                                                                  example of AOA

                                     

                                                                 example of AON 

okay, now we gonna talk about how to find a slack time. slack time is the length of time an activity can be delayed without delaying the entire project. here the calculation how to calculate the slack time. this is very easy to understand. 

SLACK = LS - ES // SLACK = LF - EF 

example of slack time calculation

lastly, in PERT they employ a probability distribution based on three time estimates for each activity , as follows : 

          1) optimistic time (a) = the best activity completion time that could be obtained in a PERT network. 

          2) pessimistic time (b) = the worst activity time that could be expected in a PERT network. 

          3) most likely time (m)= the most probable time to complete an activity in a PERT network.